Quality of Drinking Water Drops in Allegheny

Aspinwall Hearld
17 November 2010
By Mary Ann Thomas

Drinking water drawn from the lower Allegheny River contains rising levels of a contaminant but is safe to drink, say health officials who are trying to determine the cause.

The Pittsburgh Water and Sewer Authority detected significant increases in trihalomethanes, or THMs, over the past two months. But the levels don't exceed health standards, said Guillermo Cole, spokesman for the Allegheny County Health Department.

"It's obviously going in the wrong direction, but it's not that close to exceeding the standard," Cole said.

Long-term exposure to THMs might cause liver, kidney or central nervous system problems and increase the risk of cancer, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.

Health Department and state Department of Environmental Protection officials are monitoring the problem. PWSA officials sampled the river and its tributaries to test for bromides, which can help form THMs. Preliminary results show a high concentration coming from the Kiskiminetas River, said Stanley States, the authority's director of water quality and production.

Eight surface water systems have intakes on the Allegheny, serving about 486,000 people from Pittsburgh to just south of the Kiski River in Armstrong County, said Ronald Schwartz, the DEP's assistant regional director in Pittsburgh.

"Based on tests, there's not a risk to the public at this point," Schwartz said. "The issue is how to prepare for the future if we see this year and year after."

The DEP studied this problem before. High levels of THMs were flagged on the Monongahela River two years ago and appear to be tapering off, Schwartz said.

In that case, bromides helped form the THMs. Found naturally in seawater and underground rock formations, bromides are used in industrial processes and products such as flame retardants. The bromides themselves don't pose a health risk and are unregulated, Schwartz said.

Schwartz attributed the bromide concentrations in the Mon to possible sources such as water from power plants, acid mine drainage and treatment facilities that discharge water used for gas drilling in the Marcellus shale. The agency found its highest concentration of bromides in the Mon at Whiteley Creek, a tributary where an acid mine drainage cleanup project is located.

Data show bromides were found in water from the deep shale gas drilling, said Katy Gresh, a DEP spokeswoman. Water used in hydraulic fracturing of the shale, or fracking, contains additives.

Preliminary tests by PWSA suggest an excess of bromides in the Allegheny could be fueling the elevated THM concentrations in drinking water. It's too early to determine a source or sources, said Melissa Rubin, PWSA spokeswoman.

Mary Ann Thomas can be reached at mthomas@tribweb.com or 412-782-2121 x1510.